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Customer engagement, as one form of interactive marketing, enhances organisational performance, in terms of sales growth, superior competitive advantage and increased profitability, particularly within the sports context. This research aims to explore fans' engagement behaviours with their sports teams and identify its drivers and outcomes.

The researchers deployed mixed methods in this study via three phases: (1) A judgmental sampling technique, along with snowballing, were used to conduct in-depth interviews with twenty-two football fans, for the exploratory phase; (2) A convenience sample was also used for the quantitative phase, which was divided into two stages, (1) the pretesting stage (30 fans), and (2) the main data collection stage (407 fans) and (3) A judgmental sampling technique was applied for the qualitative validation phase (10 interviews with experts and practitioners).

Qualitative and quantitative results supported team jealousy, team competitiveness and team morality as new predictors for fan engagement behaviours. Further, while the fan role readiness had the most positive effect on management cooperation, team identification had the most predicting power for prosocial behaviour. Finally, team morality had the most significant positive impact on performance tolerance.

Despite the considerable practical attention, and the recent extensive research, paid towards conceptualising customer engagement behaviours in the last decade, there is still a need for further exploration on the fan engagement concept to better understand fans' unique behavioural responses; accordingly, the current research was conducted.

This paper aims to synthesize some new heterocyclic disperse azo dyes and their application in dyeing of polyester and polyamide fabrics.

Pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives containing arylazo function by the reaction of 3,5‐ diaminopyrazole with ketene dithioacetals were prepared. The prepared dyestuffs are established using elemental analysis, IR measurements, ¹H‐NMR and Mass spectra.

2,5‐diamino‐3‐arylazo‐N‐aryl‐6‐carboxamide‐7‐methylthio‐pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine have been synthesized by the simple method. The dyed fabrics have a very good (4‐5) to excellent (5) results toward washing, perspiration, and rubbing fastness properties. The dyes are superior in terms of preparation and fastness properties.

The disperse azo dyes used in this paper were synthesized via a step‐wise pathway leading to the new azo dyes. In addition, the variations in substituents and sites of location on the heterocyclic moiety could also be studied.

The new azo dye systems based on substituted pyrazolopyrimidine provided a series of azo dyes with improved dyeing properties. The dyes are superior in terms of yield, purity, colour strength, and fastness properties and will lead to valuable achievements for commercial production.

The synthesized disperse azo dyes are superior in terms of preparation, yield, purity, and fastness properties.